What is a private pension?
In the "Private pensions" section, all lifelong annuities from private pension insurance are recorded, as well as certain fixed-term pensions, e.g.
- survivor's pensions,
- occupational disability pensions, and
- incapacity pensions
What is a private pension?
How is a private pension taxed?
Private annuities are always taxed based on the yield percentage. The amount of the taxable yield percentage depends on the age of the beneficiary at the start of the annuity payments. The yield percentage determined in this way is, for example, at the start of the annuity after the age of...
... 60: 22%
... 61: 22%
... 62: 21%
... 63: 20%
... 64: 19%
... 65: 18%
If these annuities are limited to a specific term, the special yield percentage according to § 55 EStDV applies. The yield percentage in this case does not depend on the age at the start of the annuity, but on the duration of the payments. For a term of for example ten years, the special yield percentage is 12% of the annuity payments.
How is a private pension taxed?
What is the income share of the pension?
The percentage of income depends on the age of the pension beneficiary at the start of the pension (§ 22 No. 1 Sentence 3 EStG). The following table shows the percentage of income based on the age at the start of the pension:
What is the income share of the pension?
What information do I need to provide about the duration of the pension?
Life annuities from taxed income depend on the lifetime of the beneficiary. If the annuity ends with the death of the beneficiary, it is important to indicate this in your tax return. The income share for private pensions is based on the age of the beneficiary at the start of the pension.
Fixed-term annuities from taxed income are also linked to a person's life but are limited to a specific term. They are paid until the end of the specified term at the latest but expire if the beneficiary dies earlier.
The term of the annuity is crucial for calculating the income share. Please note that pensions from the statutory pension insurance are not taxed based on the income share but with a higher taxation percentage.
Originally, people retiring from 2040 onwards were supposed to fully tax their statutory pension income. However, this has changed, as the taxation percentage will only increase by half a percentage point annually from 2023, starting with the 2023 pensioner cohort, and will reach 100 per cent for the first time in 2058 for that cohort (§ 22 No. 1 a) aa) EStG, amended by the "Growth Opportunities Act").
What information do I need to provide about the duration of the pension?
What is a capital gain pension?
A capital gain annuity occurs when, instead of receiving a one-off payment from the buyer for the transfer of your assets (e.g. business, property, land), you receive an annuity.
Important
There are special considerations for capital gain annuities from the sale of a business, agricultural enterprise, or professional practice. We recommend consulting a tax advisor in this case.
Capital gain annuities should be distinguished from pension annuities or recurring burdens and pure maintenance payments.
What is a capital gain pension?
What is a pension benefit?
A pension payment is made when a pension is paid to you by a legally entitled heir (e.g. spouse, children, parents).
In return, the pension recipient transfers certain assets to the pension payer.
Capital gains pensions must be distinguished from pension payments or long-term financial obligations and pure maintenance payments.
What is a pension benefit?
Wie werden Rentennachzahlungen versteuert?
Erhalten Sie eine Rentennachzahlung über einen Zeitraum länger als zwölf Monate, dann zählt dies als Vergütung für mehrjährige Tätigkeit zu den außerordentlichen Einkünften. Diese Einkünfte können steuerlich günstiger nach der so genannten Fünftelregelung besteuert werden.
Hierbei wird das begünstigte Einkommen aus dem zu versteuernden Einkommen herausgerechnet und anschließend ein Fünftel hiervon wieder dazugerechnet. Dann wird die Einkommensteuer für das zu versteuernde Einkommen berechnet, einmal mit und einmal ohne Fünftelbetrag. Die Differenz wird verfünffacht. So ergibt sich die Steuer für die außerordentlichen Einkünfte.
Das Finanzamt prüft automatisch, welche Berechnung für Sie die günstigere ist. Zur richtigen Berechnung müssen Sie Ihre erhaltene Nachzahlung gesondert eintragen. Werbungskosten, die Ihnen im Zusammenhang mit der Nachzahlung (Gerichts- oder Anwaltsgebühren) entstanden sind, tragen Sie ebenfalls gesondert ein.
Achtung: Das FG Münster hat mit Urteil vom 19. 9.2019 (Az. 5 K 371/19 E) entschieden, dass der ermäßigte Steuersatz nach § 34 EStG auf eine Rentennachzahlung, die sich auf zwei Veranlagungszeiträume bezieht, keine Anwendung findet, wenn die Nachzahlung im zweiten Veranlagungszeitraum erfolgt.
Wie werden Rentennachzahlungen versteuert?
